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Research on Social Inequality in Contemporary Society: Concepts and Research Programs

Korean Journal of Health Equity / Korean Journal of Health Equity, (E)2982-8007
2025, v.3 no.1, pp.54-69
https://doi.org/10.23163/KJHE.PUB.3.1.54
Kwang-Yeong Shin (Department of Sociology, Chung-Ang University)

Abstract

This paper addresses the concepts and key theoretical issues necessary for studying inequality in contemporary society. Inequality is understood as a product shaped by social structures and institutions, explained through differential access and relational approaches. The major types of inequality are classified into economic inequality, gender inequality, racial inequality, health inequality, and environmental inequality. Structural factors that produce these inequalities operate in a complex and multidimensional manner through the intersections and causal linkages of class, gender, and race. The cumulative effects of these systems of inequality hinder intergenerational mobility. Globalization exacerbates inequality, leading to political instability and the rise of far-right politics. This study emphasizes that research on inequality must explore complex causal relationships and intersections and ultimately provide academic and policyoriented solutions.

keywords
Inequality, Intersectionality, Connection, Cumulative Inequality, Social Determination of Health, Causality
Received
2024-12-27
Revised
2025-01-23
Accepted
2025-01-27
Published
2025-03-31

Korean Journal of Health Equity