The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-disclosure, social support and intentional rumination of a female high school student who experienced relational loss on posttraumatic growth. This study also aims to examine whether the intentional rumination mediates the relationship between self-disclosure, social support and posttraumatic growth. For this purpose, the questionnaires were carried out to 415 high school students in capital area. In this questionnaire, unreliable responses, a traumatic events which just happened one month ago, the data which marked the pain level below 4 points after traumatic event and cases that were not related to a relational loss were excluded. Finally, 286 questionnaires were analyzed for this study. For analysis, traumatic event experience questionnaire, self-disclose scale, social support scale, intentional rumination scale and Korea posttraumatic growth inventory were used. The result was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. A basic statistics and structure equation model analysis were carried out. The significance of structural model’s mediator effect was proved with Bootstrap method. Main results are as follows. First, posttraumatic growth showed significant correlation with self-disclosure, social support and intentional rumination. Second, intentional rumination fully mediates the relationship between self-disclosure and posttraumatic growth. also, indicate that intentional rumination partially mediates the relationship between social support and posttraumatic growth. Finally, the implication and limitation of this study were discussed with suggestions for future research.
This study aimed to identify conceptual structure on multiple-role strategies of working mothers through a concept mapping method. Primary sentences for the idea about multiple-role strategies extracted by 35 working mothers with child(ren) under age 18. Key sentences were extracted based on their responses, then 10 participants among 35 sorted them and rated importance of each key sentences. As a result of multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis, two dimensions, time/action based - strain based and personal-social axis were found. Also, six types of multiple-role coping strategies were grouped: 1) networking as a mother, 2) structural role redefinition, 3)cognitive restructuring, 4) seeking social support, 5) parenting and educating, and 6) family-role focused coping. We discussed research implications and limitations based on the results.
In order to explore the 'meaning of work as a woman', this study has analyzed 238 women's self-examining report from Seoul's both co-ed and women's university by using CQR-M. As a FUS(female university student) analyzing the meaning of oneself as a woman, I have broken down the results into 4 areas. First area indicates the barriers that career-pursuing FUSs face. The internal barriers related to their career as a woman is recognized as four sub-categories; general denial of femininity, the difficulty of non-traditional career choices, the burden of multiple roles and low self-efficacy for oneself. The external barriers are also recognized into several. Such as, still-existing son preferences, generalized gender inequality in co-ed university, institutionalized gender inequality outside of school, gender specified jobs with veiled stability, etc. Second area is significant others the FUSs are shown as father, mother, and others. Under the category of father, it is divided into supportive and optimistic father or pessimistic and forcing father. Under the category of mother, it is divided into three; out-going yet busy working mothers, devoted yet depressed mothers, and the mothers with overcoming career discontinuity. The others that give influence includes certain employees, and female family members other than mother, relationships with partners, friends, and role models. Third area is the experience of FUSs, which falls into two sub-categories: work-related, and non-work related. The work related experiences is again subdivided into the following situations, situations that required to follow the organizational structure and its rules, handling complex relationships, taking under consideration of one self's interest, and realization of the reality after hard labor. Non-work related experiences FUSs have had are subdivided into three, which are as follows. Interest and curiosity to different worlds and expansion of perception, discoveries of hidden talents, overcoming personal crisis and following maturity after the crisis. Last area is the desiring female's role in the future has divided into three, which are family-oriented motherly female, work-oriented independent female, and female who seeks the combination of both work and family despite the difficulties. The choices that one would make for better building of one self's career included differentiated effort for self-development, specific research on desiring jobs, job opportunities that are not related to the current major. This analysis suggests diverse career issues concerning FUSs can be utilized for their career counseling.
In order to explore the ‘meaning of work as a woman’, this study has analyzed 238 women’s self-examining report from Seoul’s both co-ed and women's university by using CQR-M. As a FUS(female university student) analyzing the meaning of oneself as a woman, I have broken down the results into 4 areas. First area indicates the barriers that career-pursuing FUSs face. The internal barriers related to their career as a woman is recognized as four sub-categories; general denial of femininity, the difficulty of non-traditional career choices, the burden of multiple roles and low self-efficacy for oneself. The external barriers are also recognized into several. Such as, still-existing son preferences, generalized gender inequality in co-ed university, institutionalized gender inequality outside of school, gender specified jobs with veiled stability, etc. Second area is significant others the FUSs are shown as father, mother, and others. Under the category of father, it is divided into supportive and optimistic father or pessimistic and forcing father. Under the category of mother, it is divided into three; out-going yet busy working mothers, devoted yet depressed mothers, and the mothers with overcoming career discontinuity. The others that give influence includes certain employees, and female family members other than mother, relationships with partners, friends, and role models. Third area is the experience of FUSs, which falls into two sub-categories: work-related, and non-work related. The work related experiences is again subdivided into the following situations, situations that required to follow the organizational structure and its rules, handling complex relationships, taking under consideration of one self’s interest, and realization of the reality after hard labor. Non-work related experiences FUSs have had are subdivided into three, which are as follows. Interest and curiosity to different worlds and expansion of perception, discoveries of hidden talents, overcoming personal crisis and following maturity after the crisis. Last area is the desiring female’s role in the future has divided into three, which are family-oriented motherly female, work-oriented independent female, and female who seeks the combination of both work and family despite the difficulties. The choices that one would make for better building of one self’s career included differentiated effort for self-development, specific research on desiring jobs, job opportunities that are not related to the current major. This analysis suggests diverse career issues concerning FUSs can be utilized for their career counseling.
