Abstract

This study examines the factors driving the diffusion of technological innovation across economic, societal, and policy domains. Using a systematic literature review and qualitative content analysis, it develops an analytic framework grounded in an integrated innovation model that extends existing innovation theories. It identifies three sources of influence—environment, technology, and conversion—that are crucial to the diffusion of innovation. Findings suggest that successful innovation diffusion requires coordinated interactions among technology, economy, society, and policy, highlighting the role of governmental intervention and policy innovation. The study contributes to understanding the co-evolution of innovation across multiple social domains and offers practical insights for integrative innovation policies in the digital transformation era. Future research should quantitatively validate and refine the identified diffusion factors.