Abstract

The “One District One Product” (ODOP) program, initiated by the Government of Uttar Pradesh in 2018, is a strategic plan to foster inclusive economic growth through the specialization of every district in a distinctive product—largely based on local crafts and traditional industries. The ODOP scheme’s design, implementation strategies, and its applicability in reviving the state’s moribund handicraft industry are discussed in this conceptual paper. The research borrows from the concept of endogenous development and utilizes a systematic review of literature as per PRISMA guidelines to make a comparative analysis between ODOP and two internationally acclaimed models: Japan’s One Village One Product (OVOP) and Thailand's One Tambon One Product (OTOP) projects. Although the three schemes have a common goal of enhancing local economies as well as cultural identity, they vary in genesis, administrative frameworks, involvement of stakeholders, and support structures. The results highlight the hybrid nature of ODOP, with top-down support complemented by bottom-up community engagement, setting it apart from its equivalents. The research concludes that applying international best practices at local levels can greatly boost the sustainability and impact of product-based development models. The article also calls for additional empirical studies on the socio-economic effects of ODOP in India.