Abstract

Scientific and Technological Innovation (STI) is a major driver of urban and regional development, yet policy has traditionally been dominated by technical experts, limiting public influence despite the societal and ethical implications of technological choices. This study examines the intersection of inclusive STI and urban governance, focusing on citizen participation in shaping technological innovation and smart city development, with particular reference to Busan. A case study of Eco-Delta City highlights governance innovations—including redefined Master Planner roles, a Special Purpose Company, and joint central-local oversight—that enable effective public engagement. Findings underscore the importance of data sovereignty, collaborative governance, and structured citizen participation in fostering socially robust, democratically legitimate, and technologically responsive urban development.