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ISSN : 1229-0718
본 연구에서는 만 30개월부터 43개월 사이의 유아와 어머니 쌍을 대상으로 문제해결 상호작용에서 유아 행동특성과 관련변인 간에 어떠한 관계가 있는지에 대해 살펴보았다. 유아와 어머니에게는 4가지 과제를 제시하여 그 상호작용을 살펴보았고, 관련변인으로는 애착 안정성과 기질을 선택하였다. 연구 결과, 우선 어머니 행동특성은 모든 하위 구성변인이, 유아 행동특성은 대부분의 하위 구성변인이 각 변인의 속성을 결정지어주면서 상대방의 행동특성과도 높은 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 예외적으로 유아 행동특성 중 의존성 변인은 그 정도가 무척 약하였다. 둘째, 애착 안정성은 유아 행동특성 중 긍정적 경험, 긍정적 정서, 과제에 대한 열정과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유아의 기질 중 ‘적응성’이 유아의 긍정적 경험을 17% 정도, 기질 중 ‘기분’이 어머니에 대한 유아의 의존성을 12% 정도로 유의미하게 설명하고 있었다. 마지막으로 관련변인(어머니 행동특성, 애착 안정성, 기질)들을 종합하여 유아 행동특성에 대해 갖는 상대적인 설명력을 알아본 결과, 유아 행동특성들 대부분은 어머니의 행동특성에 의해 설명될 수 있었다. 그러나 유아의 의존성은 어머니 행동특성보다는 기질 하위변인인 ‘기분’에 의해 설명될 수 있었다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of child's behavior during Problem Solving and related variations(mother's behavior, attachment security, temperament). The subjects were 33 infants, age 30-43 months, with their mothers. In order to assess to Mother-Child Interaction, each mother-child dyad was observed in the Problem-Solving Session(Eriksons, Sroufe, & Egeland, 1985). The mother's behavior and the child's behavior were assessed using the Teaching Strategies Rating Scale(Erikson, Sroufe, & Egeland, 1985). Attachment security was assessed by Attachment Q-set(Waters, 1987), and temperament was assessed by the Toddler Temperament Scale(TTS; Saslow, 1993). The data of this study was analyzed by Canonical correlation analysis, Stepwise regression analysis, and Pearson's correlation. The results of this study were as follows: 1) There was significantly correlation between mother's behavior and child's behavior(excepting reliance of mother for help). 2) Attachment security scores were positively related with the child's experience for the session, child's affection towards the mother, and child's enthusiasm. 3) Among the temperamental factors perceived by the mother, the child's positive adaptability explains positive experience for the session. The child's negative mood explained the reliance of the mother for help. 4) Using Stepwise regression analysis, most of the child's behavior is explained by the mother's behavior, but the child's reliance on his mother for help was explained by the child's negative as mood perceived by the mother. Consequently, the child's behaviors during Problem-Solving Session were mainly related to mother's behavior and temperament. This study suggested that various psycho-social factors contributed to child's accomplishment
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