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ISSN : 1229-0718
본 연구는 아버지의 양육행동과 아동의 기질이 아동의 외현화 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 구체적으로 아버지의 긍정적 양육행동과 아동의 부정적 정서성 간의 상호작용이 아동의 주의집중문제 및 공격행동에 영향을 미치는지 분석하고, 그 양상이 병적소질-스트레스 모델(diathesis-stress model)과 차별적 민감성 가설(differential susceptibility hypothesis) 중 어떤 이론에 더 부합하는지 살펴보았다. 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널 4, 5차년도 조사에 참여한 아동과 부모 1754명의 자료를 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 아동이 3세일 때 아버지의 긍정적 양육행동이 부족하거나 아동의 부정적 정서성이 높을수록 아동이 4세에 더 많은 외현화 문제행동을 보였다. 또한 아버지의 양육행동과 아동의 부정적 정서성의 상호작용이 아동의 문제행동을 예측하는 경로는 유의한 경향성을 보였는데, 그 양상은 병적소질-스트레스 모델에 근접하였다. 본 연구는 그동안 상대적으로 간과되었던 아버지의 영향력을 다루었다는데 의의가 있으며, 아동의 외현화 문제행동의 예방과 치료에 있어 어머니 뿐만 아니라 아버지의 양육행동과 더불어 아동의 기질도 함께 고려해야함을 시사한다.
This study examined the independent effects of paternal positive parenting, child temperament, and their interaction on the development of children’s externalizing problems. We also explored whether the interactive effect of parenting and temperament, if evident, was more consistent with the diathesisstress model or the differentialsusceptibility hypothesis. Data from the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) of the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE) were used. Results indicated that both paternal positive parenting and child temperament were independently associated with children’s externalizing behaviors. Consistent with the diathesisstress model, children who had higher levels of negative emotionality and whose fathers showed lower levels of positive parenting were at most risk for behavior problems. The findings suggest that paternal parenting and child temperament may be a promising target for early prevention of children’s externalizing problems.
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