융합경영연구
- E-ISSN : 2288-7709
- Publisher : KODISA Foundation
- CCL :
- E-ISSN2288-7709
- KCI
최신 논문
13권 5호
7개 논문이 있습니다.
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What Drives Nepali Returnees to Re-migrate? A Cross-Country Study of Nepal and South Korea*
Birendra Narayan SHAH ; Thakur SUBEDI
pp.1-10
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2025.13.5.1
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Abstract
Objective: This study explores the determinants of re-migration among Nepali labor migrants through a comparative analysis with South Korea. Although both countries began as labor-exporting nations in the 1960s, their migration paths have diverged markedly over time. South Korea transformed into a labor-importing country by the 1990s through strategic industrialization and institutional reform. Nepal continues to experience rising out-migration due to persistent unemployment, low wages, and inadequate reintegration support. Method: Using a qualitative comparative case study approach, this research draws on secondary data, government reports, and survey findings from returnee programs such as South Korea’s K-HaMi initiative. Finding: Results indicate that more than 60 percent of Nepali returnees express intentions to re-migrate, citing structural barriers including limited job opportunities and poor recognition of skills acquired abroad. In contrast, Korea's policy framework, featuring wage parity, skills recognition, and entrepreneurship support, has enabled effective return integration. Conclusion: Nepal should adopt a comprehensive reintegration strategy aligned with its domestic context, incorporating wage standardization, skill certification, and localized support centers. Lessons from Korea’s migration governance model offer valuable insights for turning return migration into a pathway for sustainable development.
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A Study on the Necessity of Revising the Framework Act on Intelligent and Informatization as AI Technology Advances
Sung-su SHIN
pp.11-19
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2023.13.5.11
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Purpose: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven technologies has made them crucial decision-making tools in various sectors, including the economy, society, and culture. However, the current ‘Framework Act on Intelligent and Informatization’ Society only provides for the initial stages of policy planning and implementation. The swift evolution of AI and data technologies, which now significantly influence critical decisions across many fields, highlights the limitations of this existing law. To address this, there's an urgent need for legal and institutional amendments to supplement the current ‘Framework Act on Intelligent and Informatization’. AI's impact on society is vast, and to mitigate the imbalance between the fast pace of technological change and the static nature of the law, revising the ‘Framework Act on Intelligent and Informatization’ Society is essential. Furthermore, a response plan is needed for various social issues such as AI reliability, ethics, personal data protection, algorithmic transparency, and the resolution of the digital divide. The current law falls short in these areas, leading to blurred lines of responsibility for AI decisions and prominent ethical problems like the misuse of personal information and biased algorithms. As these issues are difficult to address with the existing legal system, an amendment is urgently required to ensure all members of society can fairly enjoy the benefits of an Intelligent and Informatization society. Conclusions: To ensure alignment with international norms related to AI, domestic laws must be revised in accordance with the times. This will serve as a foundation for maintaining national competitiveness and facilitating international technological cooperation. Furthermore, as the advancement of AI technology can impact the protection of fundamental rights and the public interest, it is essential to establish stronger safeguards and clearer direction at the level of a basic law.
Cheol PARK
pp.21-32
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2025.13.5.21
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Purpose: This study aims to validate the potential of generative AI–based virtual data as a methodological alternative for testing talent models in military organizations, where data collection is restricted. Methodology: Using the Army Excellent Talent Characteristics Model as a framework, virtual data were generated through Conditional Tabular GAN (CTGAN) and evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, independent sample t-tests, and multi-group structural equation modeling. Results: The first virtual dataset failed to meet convergent validity, but the regenerated dataset achieved acceptable construct reliability and average variance extracted values. The analysis showed that virtual data could replicate the overall measurement structure of actual data, yet differences emerged in the strength of structural paths. Specifically, leadership and communication satisfaction had stronger effects on trust in the actual dataset, while creativity was significant only in the virtual dataset. Trust influenced organizational citizenship behavior in both groups, but the explanatory power was higher in the real dataset. Conclusion: These findings suggest that virtual data can serve as a useful tool for validating latent structures, pre-testing survey designs, and enhancing reproducibility. However, its role should be considered complementary rather than a full substitute for real-world data when examining causal relationships in military human resource research.
Hoe-Chang YANG
pp.33-44
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2025.13.5.33
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Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential of virtual data by examining whether AI-generated data using ChatGPT shows statistical differences compared to real survey data. Research design, data and methodology: Based on the existing local food purchase motivation model, first- and second-round virtual datasets were generated using ChatGPT. In the second dataset, demographic characteristics, social desirability bias, and midpoint response ratios were adjusted to minimize structural differences from the real data. Results: The analysis revealed that the second virtual dataset produced path coefficients and statistical significance similar to those of the real data in major relationships, such as the effect of brand equity on consumer attitude and the influence of consumer attitude on purchase motivation. Differences appeared only in some relationships, specifically in the path from brand equity to perceived value and from perceived value to consumer attitude. Conclusions: This study empirically confirmed that virtual data can structurally converge with real data. Academically, it contributes to bias control and reproducibility, while practically, it highlights the value of virtual data as a decision-support tool that enables targeted simulations of marketing strategies and predictions of consumer responses.
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Active and Happy Ageing with the AHA Digitized Mat & System: Improvements in Cognitive-Motor Coordination and Subjective Well-being
YoungHee RO ; Hye Min KIM
pp.45-56
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2025.13.5.45
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Purpose: With advancing age, fall prevention and dementia management are critical challenges. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the AHA Digitized Mat & System (Active & Happy Ageing), a 13-week stepping exercise program for older adults. Twenty-five participants aged 60 and above completed the program twice per week. Pre- and post-assessments using the Cognitive Impairment Screening Test (CIST), daily life fitness indices, and a subjective happiness survey revealed that cognitive scores improved by 10.5%, physical coordination indicators were maintained or enhanced, positive affect increased, and negative affect decreased by 19.4%. Participant satisfaction averaged 96.8/100, confirming high acceptance. The AHA Digitized Mat & System effectively promotes both active and happy ageing by enhancing cognitive-motor coordination and subjective well-being, with practical implications for fall prevention, rehabilitation, and community-based welfare services.
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A GIS-Based Locational Analysis of Elderly Residential Welfare Facilities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Hye Min KIM
pp.57-68
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2025.13.5.57
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Purpose:This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution and locational characteristics of elderly residential welfare facilities in response to Korea’s rapidly aging society and to provide policy implications for balanced welfare development. Research design, data and methodology: Using public data from Statistics Korea and the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) were applied to Si–Gun–Gu units within the Seoul metropolitan area to identify spatial concentration patterns and regional disparities. Results: Elderly welfare facilities were found to be concentrated in central Seoul and the southern Gyeonggi region, while peripheral areas showed lower accessibility and distinct spatial imbalance. The Global Moran’s I value (0.21, p < 0.01) confirmed a positive spatial autocorrelation in facility distribution. Conclusions: The findings highlight the limitations of city-centered welfare supply structures and emphasize the need for balanced spatial planning of elderly welfare facilities to enhance accessibility and regional equity.
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Analysis of the Impact of Public Housing Residents’ Attitudes toward Public Housing on the Mixed-Tenure Housing Complex Policy
Min-Woo KIM ; Sun-Ju KIM
pp.69-87
https://doi.org/10.2048/jemm.2025.13.5.69
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Purpose: In South Korea, social mix refers to “the mixed-tenure housing complex policy”, designed to address residential segregation and social exclusion. Currently, the policy is implemented indirectly through administrative procedures, rather than through formal legislation. This study evaluates the effectiveness, sustainability of this policy, examines its legislative feasibility, and offers policy guidelines. Data and methodology: Employing data from the “4th-year Panel Survey of Public Rental Housing Residents in Seoul”, conducted by the Seoul Housing and Urban Development Corporation (SH), this study analyzed public rental housing residents, applying multiple regression and binary logistic regression models. Results: Residents’ attitudes toward the policy were negatively influenced by dwelling satisfaction, residential environment satisfaction, tenure type, housing size, rental deposit burden, and unmarried status, whereas their perceptions of economic class mixing were positively affected by dwelling satisfaction, residential environment satisfaction, mixed-tenure residency, rental deposit burden, and neighbor interactions. A significant moderation was observed in which the interaction between high dwelling satisfaction and mixed-tenure residency increased residents’ support for the policy, but simultaneously reduced their perceptions of class mixing. It implies that residents with higher housing quality and heavier deposit burdens tend to perceive themselves as an internal upper class, accepting class mixing in principle but revealing resistance in practice. Conclusion: Thsese results indicate that the physical mixing alone doesn not achieve social and psychological mixing, thereby necessitating complementary measures to enhance interaction among different socioeconomic groups.
