open access
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ISSN : 0376-4672
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of dextrose prolotherapy targeting the retrodiscal tissue in patients with refractory temporomandibular disorders (TMD) who did not respond to conven-tional conservative therapies.Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with persistent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain despite undergoing three sessions of arthrocentesis were enrolled. All patients received 12.5% dextrose prolotherapy injections into the retrodiscal tissue, administered three times at two-week intervals. Clinical outcomes included pain intensity assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), patient-reported joint noise (VAS), and maximum comfortable mouth opening (MCO; mm). Evaluations were performed at baseline and after each treatment session.Results: Pain scores demonstrated a significant reduction, from 3.2 ± 2.1 at baseline to 1.5 ± 1.5 after the third injection, representing a 53% decrease (p < 0.05). MCO improved from 40.0 ± 6.3 mm to 42.7 ± 5.9 mm after the final session (p < 0.05). Joint noise scores showed a 13% reduction trend, decreasing from 1.5 ± 1.7 to 1.3 ± 1.3, although this change was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). No major complications were reported, apart from transient post-injection discomfort in a few patients that resolved spontaneously with analgesics.Conclusion: Dextrose prolotherapy targeting the retrodiscal tissue appears to be a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for reducing pain and improving mandibular function in patients with refractory TMD. Although im-provements in joint noise were not statistically significant, the overall outcomes support prolotherapy as a viable therapeutic option warranting further controlled trials. (J Korean Dent Assoc 2025; 63(10): 316-321)
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate how well the ligature-induced periodontitis mouse model reflects the transcriptomic features of human periodontitis and to identify periodontitis-associated genes and functions con-served across species.Materials and Methods: RNA sequencing data from human and mouse gingival tissues were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using DESeq2. Func-tional enrichment analysis was performed using Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway databases. Cross-species transcriptomic similarity was evaluated by comparing DEG overlap and enrichment similarity between human and mouse.Results: A total of 223 human DEGs and 622 mouse DEGs were identified. Among these, 25 DEGs were shared between species, including 23 showing concordant regulation direction. The mouse-to-human overlap ratio was 3.70%. Functional enrichment analysis identified 189 significant terms or pathways in humans and 602 in mice, with 129 shared results. Specifically, 41.18% of mouse KEGG pathway results overlapped with human results. The shared concordant genes, including IL-1β, PTGS2 (also known as COX-2), and MMP13, were associated with im-mune and inflammatory functions.Conclusion: The ligature-induced periodontitis mouse model reflects the transcriptomic features of human peri-odontitis in a limited manner, showing low similarity at the DEG level and moderate similarity at the enrichment level. Conserved DEGs such as IL-1β, PTGS2, and MMP13 may represent fundamental molecular mechanisms of periodontitis. (J Korean Dent Assoc 2025; 63(10): 322-328)
Calcium hydroxide is commonly used as a root canal disinfectant due to its high alkalinity and biocompatibility. However, excessive injection pressure may cause extrusion beyond the root apex, leading to complications such as nerve or vascular injury. This report showed a case of a 58-year-old woman who developed cutaneous necro-sis and sensory disturbance in the left midface and nasal alar region following endodontic treatment on the left maxillary second molar. Computed tomographic imaging revealed calcified occlusion of the posterior superior alveolar artery. The patient was treated with debridement, stromal vascular fraction injection, and split-thickness skin graft. This case demonstrates a rare but serious complication, known as Nicolau syndrome, resulting from intra-arterial injection of calcium hydroxide. Clinicians should be aware of this potential risk and exercise cau-tion during delivery of intracanal medicaments, especially in vascular-rich anatomical regions. (J Korean Dent Assoc 2025; 63(10): 329-334)
Hibernoma is a benign tumor of brown adipose tissue, and intraosseous involvement is exceedingly uncommon. We report a 52-year-old man with a mandibular lesion incidentally detected on panoramic imaging. Panoramic radiograph showed a well-circumscribed radiolucency; cone-beam CT demonstrated internal calcified foci, cor-tical thinning, and adjacent sclerosis. The working differential favored non-ossifying fibroma and, less likely, a simple bone cyst. The lesion was treated by surgical enucleation with the extraction of the impacted third molar. Histopathology revealed large polygonal brown adipocytes with eosinophilic, multivacuolated cytoplasm, estab-lishing intraosseous hibernoma. At seven-month follow-up, radiographs showed internal osseous regeneration without recurrence. Initial differential diagnosis favored common mandibular lesions. The diagnosis of intraos-seous hibernoma was subsequently established by histopathology, underscoring the importance of radiologic–pathologic correlation in radiolucent jaw lesions with adjacent sclerotic features. (J Korean Dent Assoc 2025; 63(10): 335-339)
