- P-ISSN 2671-8197
- E-ISSN 2733-936X
소재에 관한 지식을 주제에 이전 투사함으로써 주제에 관하여 새로운 통찰과 정보를 생산하는 비유와 유추는 일상의 삶에서는 물론 과학적 탐구에서도 유용하고 유망하게 사용되는 사유방법이다. 과학에서 비유는 표현적 기능, 발견적 기능, 인지적 기능을 수행한다. 유추는 소재와 주제의 유사성을 근거로 소재의 특징들 사이의 인과적 연관이 주제에서도 작동할 것으로 추론하게 함으로써 과학적 상상력의 작용을 매개한다. 유추에 기초한 모델은 새로운 가설적 실체들과 기제들을 형상적으로 제시함으로써 이론화의 모태가 된다. 이것들은 사회연구에서도 불가결한 인지적 역할을 수행하므로, 사회연구 수행을 위해서는 이것들을 적절하고 정확하게 사용할 수 있어야 한다.
Metaphor and analogy which use the known to express and to examine the unknown generate new insight and information about the subject by transfer and projection of the knowledge about the source. They are useful and promising way of thinking used in everyday life and scientific inquiry. They hint at potential similarities and analogies between the source and subject, thereby suggesting that scientists advance the entities, mechanisms and structures governing the behavior of the source as putative analogues for the unknown entities, mechanisms, and structures underlying the behavior of the subject. Thereby they facilitate scientists' attempts to explain their poorly understood subject matter. And they play a expressive, heuristic and cognitive functions in social studies too. So social scientists should use metaphor, analogy and model adequately and exactly to produce social scientific knowledge.
조인래, (2001) 과학적 방법으로서 유추, 철학연구
황희숙, (1999) 은유와 인식, 철학연구
Aubusson, P. J., (2006) Harrison, A. G., and Ritchie, S. M., “Metaphor and analogy.” Aubusson, P. J., Harrison, A. G., and Ritchie, S. M.(eds.), Metaphor and Analogy in Science Education. Dordrecht: Springer, 2006, pp. 1~9,
Bailer-Jones, D. M., (2002) “Models, metaphors and analogies.” Machamer, P. & Silberstein, M.(eds.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Science. Oxford: Blackwell, 2002, pp. 108~127,
Biela, A., (1991) Analogy in Science, Peterlang
Boyd, R., (1993) “Metaphor and theory change: what is ‘metaphor’ a metaphor For?.” Ortony, A.(ed.), Metaphor and Thought, 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 356~408,
Bradie, M., (1999) Science and metaphor, Biology and Philosophy
Brown, T. L., (2003) Making Truth: Metaphor in Science, University of Illinois Press
Danermark, B., (2005) Explaining Society: Critical Realism in the Social Sciences. 이기홍(옮김), 『새로운 사회과학방법론』. 서울: 한울, 2005, 한울
Dierbach, C., (1999) Abstractional concept mapping: a foundational model for analogical reasoning, Computational Intelligence
Gentner, D., (2000) Metaphor and knowledge change.” Dietrich, E. and Markman, A.(eds.), Cognitive Dynamics: Conceptual Change in Humans and Machines. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrens Eribaum Associates, 2000, pp. 295~342,
Glucksberg, S., (1999) When love is not a journey: what metaphors mean, Journal of Pragmatics
Gobo, G., (1995) 'Class’ as metaphor: on the unreflexive transformation of concept into an object.”, Philosophy of the Social Sciences
Harr, R., (1970) The Principles of Scientific Thinking, Macmillan
Harr? R., (1972) The Philosophies of Science, Oxford University Press
Harr, R., (1973) The Explanation of Social Behaviour, Blackwell
Hesse, M., (1966) Models and Analogies in Science, University of Notre Dame Press
Klamer, A., (2004) Visualizing the economy, Social Research
Lakoff, G., (1980) Metaphor We Live By, The University of Chicago Press
Lewis, P.A., (1996) Metaphor and critical realism, Review of Social Economy
Lopez, J., (2001) Metaphors as principles of ‘visuality’: ‘seeing’ Marx differently, Journal of Classical Sociology
Lopez, J., (2001) “Metaphors of social complexity.” Lopez, J. and Potter, G.(eds.), After Postmodernism: An Introduction to Critical Realism. London: Athlone, 2001b, pp. 86~93,
L?ez, J., (2003) Society and Its Metaphor: Language, Social Theory and Social Structure, Continuum
Ortony, A., (1993) Metaphor, language, and thought in: Metaphor and thought, Cambridge University Press
Portides, D. P., (2005) A theory of scientific model construction: the conceptual process of abstraction and concretisation, Foundations of Science
Steinhart, E. C., (2001) The Logic of Metaphor: Analogous Parts of Possible Worlds, Kluwer
Thagard, P., (1992) Conceptual Revolutions. Princeton, Princeton University Press