Abstract

This study explores the intertextual use of Isaiah 6:9–10 in the theological framework of Luke–Acts, with particular attention to Acts 28:26–28. While this citation has traditionally been interpreted as a divine pronouncement of judgment on Jewish unbelief—anti-Jewish readings—this paper argues for a more nuanced understanding of its function within Luke’s rhetorical and narrative strategy. Rather than signaling a permanent rejection of Israel, the Isaianic citation is examined within the broader context of Luke’s witness motif and his theological vision of Israel’s partial but not total unbelief. This study critiques longstanding interpretations that reduce the Lukan narrative to a binary between Jewish rejection and Gentile inclusion. It proposes instead that Acts 26 and 28 should be read in continuity with Luke 24, wherein divine revelation enables recognition and response. Paul’s commission to “open eyes” (Acts 26:18) signals not condemnation, but hope and the continuation of God’s salvific plan, echoing Isaiah 42 and reversing the non-recognition of Isaiah 6. Ultimately, the study suggests that Luke’s invocation of Isaiah functions not as a terminal judgment but as a prophetic challenge, retaining space for Israel’s future restoration. The paper thus repositions the Isaianic quotation in Acts as a theological fulcrum for understanding the inclusive and restorative aims of Luke’s witness theology.