ISSN : 1229-0688
This study aimed to examine experimentally the effects of validation by showing video of counseling situations. Participants were undergraduate students of 173. They were divided into three groups in terms of conditions, which were a validation group, reflection group, and control group, respectively. Firstly, participants in the validation group reported significantly higher levels of self-acceptance. Secondly, participants in the validation group reported significantly higher levels of interpersonal reconnection motivation. Lastly, for negative emotions, factor analysis was used to understand the negative emotions clearly. Factor analysis revealed two types of emotions: the emotion of anger and the emotion of fear. There was no difference in the emotion of anger among three groups. However, participants in different groups were different on the levels of the emotion of fear. In conclusion, validation is more effective than other methods in increasing self-acceptance and interpersonal reconnection motivation and reducing emotion of fear.
The purpose of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Experience of Shame Scale(K-ESS). The questionnaires including K-ESS were administered to 200 undergraduate and graduate students. Exploratory factor analysis showed a four factor structure with 21 items - “characteristic shame”, “bodily shame”, “shame of experience of failure” and “behavioral shame”. 4 factors explained 53.63% of total variance of inventory. Based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis with new respondents(N=248), 18 items were chosen as final items and the fit of the four-factor model were appropriate(Cronbach’s alpha: .89). The K-ESS was found to have appropriate convergent validity with positive correlations with ISS and, SSGS and negative correlations with RSES. Additionally K-ESS exhibited significant correlation with BDI and, STAI. In considering all results, K-ESS is expected to be used for exploration of relationship of shame and various psychological symptoms. limitations and issues are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate ‘the Korean version of college life alcohol salience scale’, that measures Korean students’ consideration of drinking, students’ cognition of drinking culture, and their belief about the role of alcohol in college life. 45 pre-items were chosen through theoretical and empirical approaches. After item analysis, 31 items were selected. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted. As a result, three factor structure having 12 items were selected. At last, a confirmatory factor analysis, and validity analysis were conducted of 384 college students. The results confirmed the goodness-of-fit of the model, and the criterion-related validity and incremental validity was all verified by making correlation and hierarchical multiple regression. The test-retest reliability of the model was also confirmed through a retest done after 2 months. Finally, the academic significance, suggestions and limitations of the study are discussed for the further research.
The purpose of this study was to explore the degree to which individual differences on self-esteem change in adolescents depended on trait effects versus situation-specific effects. 750 students from middle and high school completed Rosenberg self-esteem scale three times across 3 months intervals and data from 710 students was analyzed by a latent state-trait model. As the result, 55% of self-esteem in middle school students was explained by a trait factor and 45% of self-esteem was by a situation-specific factor. In case of high school students, 68% of self-esteem was explained by a trait factor and 32% of self-esteem was by a situation-specific factor. These results indicate that middle school students tend to experience more fluctuation in their self-esteem than high school students. Clinical implications with regard to the current findings are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to analyze previous research and provide a comprehensive conclusion on the self-control of dissertations and academic journals in Korea. First, the most influential promoting variable in the family environment factors was communication style with parents. Second, the most influential promoting variable in the psychological factors was sympathy, which was followed by self-worth, self-differentiation, and positive emotion, respectively. Third, the most influential suppressing variable in the family environment factor was rejective parenting attitude. Fourth, the most influential suppressing variable in psychological factors was psychological resistance. And it was followed by depression, anxiety, aggression and stress. The most influential promoting and suppressing variables related to self-control were turned out psychological factor. Fifth, the effect of moderating variables concerning characteristics, age, sex was statistically significant. Limitations to the current study and recommendations for future research are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to examine how an employee’s public stigma and self-stigma affect professional help-seeking attitude and intention. For this, 596 working employees were surveyed. A theoretical model for public stigma, self-stigma, professional help-seeking attitude, and its intention was built and empirically examined through Structural Equation Model. In order to test the model, the scale for intentions to professional help-seeking was developed and validated. In doing so, open-ended questionnaires were administered for 104 employees. Nineteen questions were selected to measure family, health, mental, personality, relationship, career path, and work place matters. Results for theoretical model were as follows. Attitude toward seeking professional help mediated between each public stigma, self-stigma and intentions to seek professional help. Attitude toward seeking professional help mediated fully the association between public stigma and intentions to seek professional help. Self-stigma was related to attitudes toward seeking professional help more negatively than public stigma.
This study was planned to improve adolescents’ school adjustment and life satisfaction by reviewing factors showing the significant effects on their adjustment in previous studies. In doing so, the structural relations among social support, ego-resilience, self-regulation modes, volitional inhibition made, school adjustment, and life satisfaction that middle school students perceived were established and empirically tested. Additionally, the three hypothesized models were analyzed across the three types of social support. The results which was intended for total 540 students has found that social support showed the direct effect on the associations between all other variables and school adjustment and exhibited the direct effect on life satisfaction in friends’ social support. The results showing the significant mediated effects for middle school students are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not mattering and perspective-taking played a mediating role in the association between self-complexity and adjustment to military life among military soldiers. For this purpose, this study administered a self-complexity scale, mattering scale, perspective-taking scale and military life adjustment scale to 311 military soldiers. The data were analyzed using structural equation model. The results showed that mattering and perspective-taking fully mediated the association between self-complexity and adjustment to military life in a sequential manner. This finding suggests that in counseling with the military soldiers having difficulties in adjustment to military life, helping them aware of themselves as an important person may enhance mattering, and enhancing their perspective- taking capacity which allows them to think on other's side helps them adjust to military life better.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of covert narcissism on the smart-phone addiction of the married 30’s and 40’s. 646 participants living in Seoul city, Gyeong-gi province and Incheon city were recruited. Analyses showed that covert narcissism influenced smart-phone addiction positively and marital empathy and marital satisfaction negatively. Marital satisfaction was completely mediated the relation between marital empathy and smart-phone addiction, and marital empathy partially mediated the association between covert narcissism and marital satisfaction. In other words, covert narcissism, marital empathy and marital satisfaction influenced smart-phone addition of married people in their 30’and 40’s and marital empathy and covert narcissism influenced marital satisfaction. Lastly, marital empathy was influenced by covert narcissism. The implications and limitations of the current study are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of parental caring and teacher support on the relation between ADHD symptoms and peer relational skills in elementary school students. For this study, self-reports data were collected from students for ADHD symptoms, parental caring, teacher support, and peer relational skills along with their teachers’ reports on ADHD symptoms. Correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were employed to examine the hypothesis. The results were as follows. ADHD symptoms were negatively correlated with parental caring, teacher support, and peer relational skills. Parental caring, teacher support, and peer relational skills were positively correlated. The association between ADHD symptoms and peer relational skills was mediated by parenting care and teacher support, and parental caring and peer relational skills was mediated by teacher support. Additionally, ADHD symptoms showed the direct effect on peer relational skills. Based on the results, findings and implications are discussed.
