ISSN : 1229-0688
The purpose of this study was to analyze and conduct a comparison of trends between the Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy and the Journal of Counseling Psychology. 219 articles published between 2012 and 2016, indicated personality and adjustment as the most popular topics (38%), followed by instrument development (13%) and career/job aptitude (10%). Research object was analyzed to consider a potential higher relationship with research themes, resulting in university students taking the largest portion (32%), young adults (16$) and adolescents (14%). While personality and adjustment and development of instruments targeted students, career development studies were aimed towards young adults. An in-depth analysis was conducted and determined that trauma, emotion regulation, attachment ad relation conflict were investigated most frequently. In comparison, 315 articles published in JCP with the same analysis frame, multicultural counseling/diversity with clinical clients/patients are studied more than Korean studies. Based on these results, meaningful findings and implications on the academic direction of domestic counseling research is suggested.
This study examined the perceptions of South Korean counseling supervisees on their supervisors’ ethical practices. Nineteen categories of ethical guidelines were emerged from recent ethical codes and guidelines. ‘Supervisor Ethical Practices and Behavior Questionnaire’ based on extracted categories was completed by 141 supervisees. Participants reported that on average, 10.99 ethical guidelines were adhered to; 5.74 guidelines were not. Rate of adherence was high in ‘supervisor’s training, competency development, and continuing education’, ‘modeling ethical behavior and coping with ethical issues’, and ‘arrangement on supervision fee’. Rate of violation was relatively high in ‘orientation to supervision and supervisor/supervisee’s roles’, ‘research ethics’, and ‘differentiating supervision from counseling’. Compared to studies overseas, rate of violation in overall categories was higher in South Korea. Since issues on supervision ethics needed to be sensitively handled, this study focused on violation of ethical guidelines in each category. Implications and recommendations for counseling supervision were discussed.
The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a group counseling program designed to facilitate trust and intimacy between North Korean defectors and South Koreans. Findings from previous studies and intervention programs as well as the results of needs studies on the contact experiences between North Korean defectors and South Koreans were reviewed. The program was comprised of 8 sessions; levels of variable interests were compared among the experimental group and control group at three different intervals (pre, post-, and follow-up). Findings showed that the group counseling program significantly increased positive feelings, trust and intimacy and decreases negative and distant feelings between North Korean defectors and South Koreans. Based on these results, implications for counseling North Korean defectors and future research are discussed.
This study explores the experiences of male novice counselors both before and during professional training, as well as what those experiences mean to them. Ten male novice counselors were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. In-depth interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed. Data analysis using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological research method resulted in 640 meaning units, 22 sub-categories, and 5 categories. Five categories include ‘Having an interest in counseling that fits his personality and values after career exploration’, ‘Adapting to the physical and psychological environment in the counseling program’, ‘Experiencing advantages, stereotypes, and gender role conflict as a male counselor’, ‘Having a hard time as a novice counselor but finding his niche and growing’, ‘Becoming conscious of female dominance and male counselors' potential contribution to the profession’. Sub-categories were integrated and reconstructed to draw an essential structure of male novice counselors' experience. Implications for counseling and future research directions are discussed.
This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (PG-13-K). For this study, an online survey was conducted with 706 Korean adults who have lost a loved one. Results were as follows: First, principal factor analysis identified a two-factor structure: ‘Traumatic distress’ and ‘Separation distress’ accounted for 66.45% of the total variance. Second, high internal consistencies were found for PG-13-K. Third, confirmatory factor analysis supported the two factors structure of the PG-13-K. Fourth, the PG-13-K had positive correlations with both the IES-R-K (PTSD) and BSI-18 (depression, anxiety). The mean score of the PG-13-K was significantly higher in participants experiencing grief due to traumatic death vs. natural death. Overall, the PG-13-K is a valid measurement tool for prolonged grief within the Korean population. Implications and limitations are discussed.
This study examined the effect of fear associated with negative evaluation on social phobia. It further investigated whether mindfulness moderated the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and social phobia. Participants included 510 twenty-sixty year old students recruited from two universities in the Pusan and Kyungnam provinces. Participants completed online questionnaires on fear of negative evaluation, mindfulness and social phobia. Pearson's product moment correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were utilized. Results revealed the following: first, moderating effect of fear of negative evaluation on social phobia. Non-reactivity and sub factor descriptions of mindfulness moderated the effect of fear of negative evaluation on social phobia, but observing, acting with awareness and non-judging of experience did not moderate the effect of fear of negative evaluation on social phobia. Implications and limitations are discussed.
This study developed and validated the Career Adaptation Developmental Tasks Scale (CADTS) appropriate for utilization in each stage of the adult life cycle: exploration stage, establishment stage, and re-adaptation stage. Study 1 included a literature and theoretical review and addressed procedures designed to investigate construct factors and contents of CADTS as well as generate preliminary items in each cycle. An exploratory factor analysis was also conducted with a total of 750 adults to explore the underlying dimensions of the preliminary scale. In Study 2 confirmatory factor analysis was employed to examine the validity of CADTS in 572 adults. Results showed that the factor structure of CADTS identified via the EFA, convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validities were acceptable. Based on these results, education, career counseling, future application of the scale and research implications within the life-span developmental perspective and career adaptation developmental tasks are discussed.
The present study examined the mediating effects of conflict coping behavior and satisfaction of basic psychological needs on the link between differentiation of self and psychological well-being. Data was collected from 317 participants. Structural equation modeling was used to compare hypotheses and comparative mediation models. On the basis of correlation results, two separate mediation models (Differentiation of self → Rational coping/Avoidance → satisfaction of basic psychological needs → psychological well-being) were proposed; two models satisfactorily fit to the data. Bootstrapping results supported the Rational Coping Mediation Model, exclusively. That is, rational coping behavior and satisfaction of basic psychological needs partially mediated the link between differentiation of self and psychological well-being. Overall, differentiation of self, fostered satisfaction with life by boosting rational coping and therefore satisfying basic psychological needs. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future study are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of both ADHD symptoms (child-reported and parent-reported) and parenting styles on children's peer relation difficulties and social skill. Subjects were comprised of 5th and 6th grade students and parents located in A city. 286 surveys were analyzed; results are as follows: child-reported and parent-reported ADHD symptoms and parenting styles correlate with peer relation problems and social skills. When ADHD symptoms were high, higher authoritative parenting styles were associated with higher the peer relation problems. With regards to social skills, the effect of child-reported hyperactive and authoritative parenting style was significant in the responsibility dimension exclusively. Parent-reported ADHD symptoms and parenting styles moderated social skills. When ADHD symptoms were high, higher authoritative parenting styles were associated with lower social skills. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.
This study investigated insecure attachment among foster mothers, and its impact on the child rearing process; specifically, what influences stabilization in parenting processes, in spite of insecure attachment. Reliability and validity of data collection and analysis were secured via triangulation and long-term coding was conducted on collected parenting experiences. Results showed that insecure attachment in the main foster mother decreased both the parenting role and quality. Results also revealed that attachment between the main foster parent and the child is not unilateral, but formed through the process of reciprocal regulation. Moreover, the child's secure attachment experience with a person, other than the main fosterer, and the acquired secure attachment of the main fosterer contributed to the stabilization of parenting processes.
This study examined adolescents’ emotion regulation (ER) patterns and their impacts on psychological adjustment. Under the assumption that individuals can use multiple ER strategies simultaneously, the cluster analysis was conducted for 8 ER strategies. Four clusters were suggested; ‘functional regulation group’(that use putatively adaptive strategies above average and use maladaptive strategies below average, FRG), ‘dysfunctional regulation group’(that use putatively adaptive strategies below average and use putatively maladaptive strategies above average, DRG), ‘all-out mobilization group’(that use all kinds of strategies above average, AMG), and ‘inactive regulation group’ (that use all kinds of strategies below average, IRG). FRG and IRG showed significantly a low level of internalized problems, externalizing problems than DRG and AMG. Levels of self-esteem were high in FRG, low in DRG, and middle in AMG and IRG. These results imply that the use of maladaptive strategies is more related to psychological adjustment than the adaptive or neutral strategies.
This study utilized projective drawing tests to identify whether the gender difference on a projective drawing test reflects actual differences of their psychological conditions between boys and girls. Despite their lack of objective scoring criteria, drawing tests have revealed that boys are more problematic both emotionally and behaviorally than girls. In this study, gender differences were examined via the Emotional-Behavioral Drawing Test. Six evaluators score the psychological conditions of 172 elementary school children. Positive automatic thought and emotional reactivity were measured as covariates. Results indicated there were statistically significant gender differences in drawing scores, but there were no significant effects of covariates. Given these results, it is plausible that no significant differences in psychological conditions existed between genders, even though boys may draw more psychologically problematic drawings than girls. It is suggested to apply gender criterion to score all types of drawing tests because boys and girls are different in drawings and expressing emotions.
