This study proposes a systematic framework for developing and implementing public library programs through literature analysis, case studies, and expert interviews. A comparative analysis of South Korean and U.S. programs identified core thematic and structural domains. Expert interviews validated the framework and assessed operational challenges. Thematic classification includes Reading, Humanities, Literacy, Arts & Culture, and Civic Education, with defined subcategories and examples. Program structure is categorized by Delivery Method, Frequency, and Digital Environment Integration. Findings contribute to the professionalization of public library programming and evidence-based planning. This study highlights the role of structured program development in improving library service effectiveness and accessibility. The proposed framework supports strategic and sustainable library programming.