ISSN : 1229-0688
The present study aimed to explore the process leading to posttraumatic growth(PTG) after experiencing relational loss. Interviews were implemented for 12 participants showing high scores on PTG, and their responses were analyzed based on ground theory approach. Findings in this study indicated that the process would be summarized as 64 concepts, 34 subcategories, and 9 categories. The author identified ‘occurrence of devastating loss’ as a causal condition, ‘severe pain and maladjustment’ as a contextual condition, ‘self-reflection and meaning making through loss’ as a main phenomenon, ‘meaning reconstruction of loss’ and ‘various activities’ as action/interaction strategies, ‘intrapersonal traits’ and ‘social support’ as intervening conditions, and finally ‘positive changes and growth’ and ‘remained pain’ as results. Participants were assumed to experience three stages(i.e., questioning/resenting, refocusing/ accepting, and new meaning making). Finally, the implications of the current study are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a cognitive behavior therapy which was intended to improve family resilience for mothers and non-disabled siblings of children with developmental disabilities. The study recruited 20 mothers rearing children with developmental disabilities and 20 non-disabled siblings of the same family. Three findings were noteworthy. First, the mothers receiving the therapy reported more reduction in the negative automatic thought and dysfunctional attitude and improvement in the psychological well-being and rearing efficacy than others. Second, CBT significantly improved the levels of the family resilience of the mothers. Third, the siblings who received the therapy showed more reduction in the negative automatic thought and dysfunctional attitude and more increase in psychological well-being than others. Also, there was a significant improvement in family resilience for the siblings after receiving the therapy.
Although a motivational regulation strategy was considered as one of the important aspects of self-regulated learning, only few studies have been done. The current study aimed to develop learning motivational regulation strategies inventory and examine its reliability and validity. Given the 30-items scale about motivational regulation strategy developed by Schwinger et al.,(2007), the five new items were added to the preliminary inventory. Factor analysis on responses from 281 high-school students revealed that seven factors (i.e., enhancement of interest/personal significance, performance-approach self-talk, environmental control, self-consequating, mastery self-talk, performance-avoidance self-talk, proximal goal setting) would explained the inter-correlations among 30 items. Specifically, the seven-factor solution explained about 66% of total variance. The 30-item scale exhibited satisfactory internal consistency and item-total correlations. It was positively correlated with Park's(2005) scale and significant differences were found depending on academic performance, demonstrating convergent and discriminant validity, respectively. The implication and limitations of this study are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of d happiness enhancement program based on character strength on subjective well-being, resilience, and interpersonal relation among high school students. The participants were 22 high school students in Chonbuk Province. A group of eleven participants were assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. All participants completed scales employed for this study such as Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS), Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS), Resilience Scale, Relationship Change Scale across according to pretest, posttest and four-week follow-up test. The results were as follows: The experimental group showed significantly higher scores than those of the experimental group in scales of Positive Affect and the Satisfaction with Life. Interpersonal relationship of the experimental group has been more improved than those of the control group. The effects have maintained until 4-week long follow-up test. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
The study was aimed to examine the mediational effects of rejection sensitivity and social support on the relations between emotional abuse and borderline personality trait. A partially mediational model was fitted to the data, in which the direct effects of a child emotional abuse experience, rejection sensitivity and social support and its indirect effects through rejection sensitivity and social support on borderline personality trait were assumed. The results were as follows. First, findings in the study revealed that an alternative model was best fitted to the model. Specifically, in the model, an emotional abuse showed the direct effect on borderline personality as well as the indirect effect through rejection sensitivity and social support. Second, the current study showed that significant differences between those with and without borderline personality trait was found for all relevant variable factors. The implications of the study are discussed.
This study investigated the relation between insecure adult attachment and adversarial growth. Data based on self-report questionnaires from a sample of 822 males and females with previous trauma were analyzed. Findings indicated that the hypothesized model, in which the influence of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on adversarial growth was partially mediated by selfobject and mentalization, showed the best model fit. Both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance exhibited negative influence on selfobject and mentalization. Selfobject presented positive influence on mentalization and adversarial growth. Mentalization showed greater influence on adversarial growth than selfobject. Third, the pathways of influence from attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance to adversarial growth were separate. Attachment anxiety exhibited greater influence on mentalization than attachment avoidance. However, the greater the attachment avoidance, the more compromised was selfobject. Implications of current findings for counseling and suggestions for future study are discussed.
The aim of the present study was to identify the number of latent classes among university students based on depression, anxiety, shame, and suicidal ideation. It was also investigated whether each latent class would be significantly classified with entrapment and rumination. A total of 401 university students participated in the study. Firstly, the participants were classified by five latent classes. Second, individuals with high levels of negative affect such as depression, anxiety and shame were classified as the most high-risk group for suicidal ideation. The second most-at-risk group was those who reported lower levels of negative affect. Finally, the most significant predictor characterised by the highest risk groups for suicidal ideation was external entrapment. The present findings provide useful information about who should be targeted for counseling and psychotherapy and what factors should be identified for risk of suicidal ideation. Limitation, implication, and future directions of the study are discussed.
The present study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of career identity and attitudes toward multiple role planning on relation between ego-identity and career decision level for female college students. Survey data were collected from 380 female undergraduates. To examine the mediating effect of each variables, hierarchical regression analysis was employed according to the procedure suggested by Baron and Kenny(1986). The results of data analysis were summarized as follow: First, the result showed that career identity partially mediated the relation between ego-identity and career decision level. Second, the result also showed that the knowledge/certainty of the attitudes toward multiple role planning had a partial mediating effect on the relation between ego-identity and career decision level. Finally, on the basis of the results of the present study, implications in practice and future research on career counseling for female college students are addressed.
The present study examined the effects of school violence victimization on aggression and also the moderating effects of self-esteem and stability of self-esteem on the association. Two hundred seventy participants completed the questionnaire including school violence victimization and aggression, self-esteem, and stability of self-esteem. Major findings were as follows. Firstly, school violence victimization showed the positive effects on aggression. In addition, self-esteem and stability of self-esteem exhibited the moderating effects on the relation between victimization and aggression. Although victimization presented the positive effects on aggression, victims with secure high self-esteem were less likely to show aggression. In contrast, those with insecure high self-esteem, secure low self-esteem, and insecure low self-esteem showed the positive relations between victimization and aggression. In particular, those with insecure high self-esteem were more likely to show aggression than others. The implications of current findings for prevention and intervention of school violence are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of spousal bereavement stress in the elderly on suicidal ideation mediated by depression. The effects of marital intimacy with spouse on bereavement stresses, depressions and suicidal ideations were examined. To test the hypotheses, 447 old people (77 males and 370 females) were recruited, who lives in Gyunggi-province. Using a path analysis, the hypothesized model was tested and was fitted well to the data. Finding in the study showed that those showed low marital intimacy and high bereavement stress exhibited a high level of depressions and suicidal ideations. And bereavement stresses had an indirect influence on suicidal ideas mediated by depressions. Meanwhile, the influence of bereavement stresses on depressions was moderated by the marital intimacy: depressions are influenced more by bereavement stresses in case of high marital intimacy. The significances, implications, constraints and proposals for further studies are discussed.
