Abstract

The purpose of this study is to provide foundational evidence for transitioning the evaluation paradigm of public library programs from quantitative outputs to an outcome-based system that measures substantial changes in citizens’ lives. Using the Logic Model as an analytical framework, six major impact areas—Education/Learning, Digital Competency, Culture/Leisure, Social Solidarity, Citizenship/Participation, and Health/Emotional Well-being—were derived. A survey of 734 citizens in Cheongju revealed that respondents expect libraries to function as a ‘Complex Cultural Healing Space’. Statistically significant differences in expected outcomes were found across age groups: those in their 20s prioritized career/employment support, those in their 40s family relationships, and those in their 50s digital competency enhancement. However, 56.4% of citizens were unaware of specialized library operations, and non-users identified a lack of time and mismatched operating hours as primary barriers. Based on these findings, the study proposes operational strategies and outcome indicator designs of the Logic Model. This research is significant in that it redefines the direction of library services based on perceived benefits to citizens and provides a practical roadmap for establishing outcome-based program operation.