Abstract

As individuals increasingly encounter various addictive behaviors and substances through digital devices and media, the boundaries between behavioral and substance addictions—once distinct—are becoming blurred in online environments. This shift heightens the risk of complex addiction issues. This study aimed to examine the convergence of different types of addictions in digital environments, drawing on the concept of digital convergence as discussed in international literature, and to identify mediating indicators of this convergence. Using a narrative review method, the study analyzed a total of 123 sources, including 111 international and 12 domestic academic and gray literature. While no domestic studies directly addressed digital convergence, the international literature predominantly focused on the convergence of gaming and gambling. This study conceptualizes the convergence of addictions in digital environments as a phenomenon where exposure to and engagement with various addictive behaviors and substances become more accessible within a single smart device or platform. This accessibility is driven by advancements in digital technologies and the expansion of network infrastructure, which weaken the boundaries between different addictions. The study identified six domains of mediating indicators of digital convergence: events and rewards, marketing services, curiosity-provoking messages, devices used, content, and technologies and functions. This research highlights the potential conceptual ambiguities surrounding digital convergence and proposes a conceptual framework along with practical strategies for prevention and intervention based on the public health model.