Korean Journal of Health Psychology, Korean Health Psychological Association

PDF Citaion The Comparison of Interoception Between Anxiety and Somatization Tendency Groups

Mi Rae Hong ; Se Ho Maeng ; Yu Jin Kim ; Ji Su Moon ; Yu Hyeon Yang ; Seo Hyun Kang ; Joo Young Lee pp.1207-1229 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.001

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Abstract

This study compared interoceptive characteristics among individuals with anxiety tendencies, individuals with somatization tendencies, and a control group within the framework of the "three-dimensional model of interoception,”and examined how anxiety and somatization symptoms affect those characteristics. A total of 89 adults aged 19 to 49 years were recruited and assigned to an anxiety tendency group, a somatization tendency group, or a control group on the basis of cutoff scores on trait anxiety and somatization scales. Interoceptive sensitivity was measured with the Body Awareness subscale of the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ), and interoceptive accuracy was assessed with the Mental Tracking Paradigm. The results were as follows. First, one-way analyses of variance revealed no significant differences in interoceptive accuracy across the three groups, whereas interoceptive sensitivity was significantly lower in the control group than in either the anxiety or the somatization group, and interoceptive trait prediction error was significantly higher in the somatization group than in the control group. Once sex, age, and depression were controlled, however, none of the between-group differences in interoceptive characteristics remained significant. Second, regression analyses showed that interoceptive sensitivity was significantly explained by both anxiety and somatization, whereas interoceptive trait prediction error was explained only by the level of somatization. These results suggest that anxiety is marked by heightened subjective sensitivity to bodily sensations, whereas somatization is marked by an exaggerated appraisal of them. Taken together, the findings point to the need for a multidimensional framework that incorporates interoceptive trait prediction error in order to characterize interoceptive features more precisely.

PDF Citaion The Relationship Between Grandiose Narcissism and Implicit and Explicit Envy Following Upward Social Comparison

Mijung Kim ; Myoung Ho Hyun ; Yejin Cho pp.1231-1257 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.002

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Abstract

This study addressed the conflict between empirical and clinical accounts of the relationship between grandiose narcissism and envy. Because earlier findings point to a discrepancy between explicit and implicit responses, envy was assessed at both levels: explicit envy with a self-report questionnaire and implicit envy with the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP). A total of 114 undergraduate students took part in either an upward social comparison condition (n=56) or a neutral comparison condition (n=58). Grandiose narcissism did not moderate the effect of the comparison condition on explicit envy. It did, however, significantly moderate the effects of the comparison condition on implicit envy and on the discrepancy between implicit and explicit envy. These findings support the mask model, according to which the grandiose self serves to defend against and conceal an underlying vulnerable self.

PDF Citaion The Relationship Between Self-Criticism and Suicidal Ideation Among University Students:The Mediating Effect of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Beliefs and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Self-Esteem Stability

Yena Kim pp.1259-1277 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.003

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Abstract

This study examined whether beliefs about nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) mediate the association between self-criticism and suicidal ideation among university students and whether self-esteem stability moderates the association between self-criticism and NSSI beliefs. Online survey data were collected from 250 university students residing across all 17 provincial-level administrative regions of South Korea, who completed measures of self-criticism, NSSI beliefs, self-esteem stability, and suicidal ideation. A moderated mediation model was tested with the SPSS PROCESS macro, and conditional indirect effects were examined with bootstrapping. Self-criticism was positively associated with NSSI beliefs and suicidal ideation and negatively associated with self-esteem stability. The positive association between self-criticism and NSSI beliefs was stronger at lower levels of self-esteem stability, and NSSI beliefs remained positively associated with suicidal ideation after self-criticism was controlled. The conditional indirect association between self-criticism and suicidal ideation through NSSI beliefs also weakened as self-esteem stability rose. These results indicate that suicide risk assessment and counseling should attend not only to the degree of self-criticism but also to beliefs about self-injury and to the stability of self-esteem.

PDF Citaion The Relationship Between Rejection Sensitivity and Binge Eating Behavior in Women in Their 20s and 30s Prone to Binge Eating: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Emotion Dysregulation and Interoceptive Awareness

Kyeongmin Kim ; Kyoungin Kwon pp.1279-1306 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.004

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Abstract

Binge eating behavior is a maladaptive eating pattern in which an excessive amount of food is consumed within a discrete period of time, accompanied by a loss of control. It heightens the risk of progression to an eating disorder and is closely associated with depression, anxiety, self-harm, and suicidal ideation. The present study examined whether emotion dysregulation mediates the effect of rejection sensitivity on binge eating behavior and whether interoceptive awareness moderates the association between rejection sensitivity and emotion dysregulation—that is, a moderated mediation model—in women in their 20s and 30s prone to binge eating. Previous research has shown that rejection sensitivity influences both emotion dysregulation and binge eating behavior and that emotion dysregulation itself significantly predicts binge eating behavior. Few studies, however, have combined these variables in a single model to examine the direct and indirect effects of rejection sensitivity on binge eating behavior simultaneously, and the role of interoceptive awareness in this process remains unclear. Of 637 women in their 20s and 30s who were screened, data from the 196 classified as prone to binge eating (Bulimia Test-Revised score≥88) were analyzed using SPSS 26 and the PROCESS Macro. Higher rejection sensitivity was associated with greater emotion dysregulation, which in turn was associated with more severe binge eating behavior. The association between rejection sensitivity and emotion dysregulation weakened as the level of interoceptive awareness rose. Both the partial mediating role of emotion dysregulation and the moderated mediating role of interoceptive awareness were thus confirmed. By tracing this psychological pathway in women prone to binge eating—a group at elevated risk of progressing to a clinical condition—the study provides empirical grounds for preventive intervention and suggests that strengthening emotion regulation through enhanced interoceptive awareness may help attenuate binge eating behavior.

PDF Citaion The Longitudinal Relationship Between Emotional Labor and Depression: The Roles of Burnout and Organizational Factors

Jinmi Seol ; Sungjoon Cho ; Sangwon Jeon ; Mikyoung Sim ; Hyein Chang pp.1307-1334 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.005

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Abstract

This study examined the roles of burnout and organizational factors in the longitudinal relationship between emotional labor and depression. A total of 412 emotional labor workers (149 men, 263 women; Mage = 33.07, SDage = 6.76) completed self-report measures of emotional labor, burnout, depression, and organizational factors - organizational surveillance and monitoring, and the lack of a supportive and protective system within the organization - at two time points approximately 18 months apart. A moderated mediation model was tested with burnout (T1) as the mediator and the organizational factors (T1) as moderators. Burnout significantly mediated the longitudinal association between emotional labor and depression, whereas the direct effect was not significant. Organizational surveillance and monitoring strengthened the association between emotional labor and burnout, whereas the lack of a supportive and protective system weakened it. The indirect effect of emotional labor on depression through burnout therefore varied across levels of the organizational factors. These results suggest that emotional labor may be associated with subsequent depression through burnout and that this process unfolds differently depending on the organizational context. The study underscores how much organizational environments matter in understanding and safeguarding the mental health of emotional labor workers.

PDF Citaion The Relationship Between Job Autonomy and Burnout Among Military Counselors: The Mediating Effect of Job Stress Moderated by Professional Identity

Yeonu Sim ; Kyungmi Kim pp.1335-1356 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.006

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Abstract

This study examined whether job stress mediates the relationship between job autonomy and burnout among military counselors and whether professional identity moderates that mediated pathway. A total of 315 currently employed military counselors completed measures of job autonomy, burnout, job stress, and professional identity, and the data were analyzed with SPSS 29.0 and the PROCESS macro. The results were as follows. First, job autonomy negatively predicted burnout among military counselors. Second, job stress partially mediated the relationship between job autonomy and burnout. Third, professional identity significantly moderated the relationship between job stress and burnout. Fourth, professional identity also significantly moderated the mediating effect of job stress on the relationship between job autonomy and burnout. By identifying factors that shape burnout among military counselors, these findings offer empirical grounds for intervention strategies designed to prevent burnout and improve work effectiveness.

PDF Citaion Latent Profiles of Self-Control and Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction among University Students: Differences in Short-Form Video Addiction Tendencies and Use Motives

Yena Kim pp.1357-1380 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.007

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Abstract

This study used a person-centered approach to identify latent profiles of self-control and basic psychological need satisfaction among university students and to examine how short-form video addiction tendencies and use motives differ across those profiles. Data were collected from 250 university students (125 men and 125 women). Self-control and the three dimensions of basic psychological need satisfaction—autonomy, competence, and relatedness—served as profile indicators, and models with one to six profiles were compared. Information criteria, classification accuracy, profile size, interpretability, and parsimony together favored a five-profile solution: a low competence–relatedness satisfaction profile (10.4%), an overall-low profile (17.2%), a low self-control–autonomy profile (24.4%), a balanced moderately high profile (36.0%), and a high basic psychological need satisfaction profile (12.0%). The overall-low and low self-control–autonomy profiles showed significantly stronger short-form video addiction tendencies than the other three profiles. As for use motives, these same two profiles reported stronger interpersonal motives than the low competence–relatedness satisfaction profile, and the low self-control–autonomy profile reported stronger habit–escape motives than the balanced moderately high and high basic psychological need satisfaction profiles. Accessibility–enjoyment motives were higher in the low self-control–autonomy, balanced moderately high, and high basic psychological need satisfaction profiles than in the overall-low profile, and utility motives were likewise higher in these three profiles than in the low competence–relatedness satisfaction profile. These findings indicate that low competence and relatedness satisfaction alone is not necessarily associated with stronger short-form video addiction tendencies. Rather, configurations marked by selectively low self-control and autonomy, or by uniformly low levels across all four indicators, appear more closely tied to problematic short-form video use. Accessibility–enjoyment and utility motives appeared in both higher- and lower-risk profiles, whereas habit–escape motives were especially salient in the low self-control–autonomy profile. The findings underscore the need for profile-specific prevention and intervention strategies that take into account university students’ configurations of self-control, basic psychological need satisfaction, and motives for short-form video use.

PDF Citaion Development of Two Scales to Evaluate the Pathology of Positive Emotions: Validation of Excessive Positive Rumination Scale(EPRS) and Metacognitive Process of Decentering Scale-Positive(MPoD-P)

Jung-ok Kim ; Seong-Hoon Hwang pp.1381-1411 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.008

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Abstract

Measures of the pathology of positive emotions remain far scarcer than measures of negative emotions. This study therefore sought to validate two scales: one assessing maladaptive responses to positive emotions and the other assessing their adaptive regulation. The Excessive Positive Rumination Scale (EPRS) measures dysfunctional response styles that generate excessive positive emotions, whereas the Metacognitive Process of Decentering Scale–Positive (MPoD-P) measures the ability to regulate positive emotions from an appropriate psychological distance. The two scales were adapted from existing measures of response styles and of decentering, respectively. An online survey was administered to 296 cyber university students. Besides the two new scales, it included the Response to Positive Affect Questionnaire (RPA), the positive emotion subscale of the Perth Emotion Regulation Competency Inventory (PERCI), the Positive Urgency Scale (PU), the Bipolar Disorder Scale, the Drexel Defusion Scale (DDS), the Non-Attachment Scale (NAS), the short form of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and an Equanimity Scale. Exploratory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling with target rotation yielded a single-factor structure for the EPRS and a three-factor structure for the MPoD-P. Scores on the EPRS correlated positively with reduced positive emotion regulation ability, positive urgency, and bipolar symptoms, supporting its convergent and concurrent validity. Scores on the MPoD-P correlated positively with defusion, non-attachment, mindfulness, and equanimity, supporting its convergent validity; contrary to expectation, however, they were not significantly negatively correlated with measures of positive emotion pathology. Both scales demonstrated good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The discussion considers how the two scales might be used together to assess vulnerability and protective factors in positive emotion regulation, and outlines directions for future research.

PDF Citaion Validation of the Korean Version of the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory for Christian University Students

Eunsu Park ; Jinhee Yu ; Wongeun Ji ; Sung Man Shin pp.1413-1441 https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2026.31.5.009

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Abstract

This study translated the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory developed by Kim et al. (2022) into Korean and examined the reliability and validity of the Korean version. With permission from the original authors, the scale was translated into Korean, back-translated, and finalized through expert review. Data were collected from 270 Christian university students in South Korea(100 men and 170 women) and were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results were as follows. First, confirmatory factor analysis supported the bifactor model, consistent with the original scale, comprising six specific factors—positive affect, negative affect, positive behavior, negative behavior, positive cognition, and negative cognition—together with one general self-forgiveness factor. Second, the reliability analysis indicated that the Korean version of the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory is internally consistent. Third, its correlation and regression coefficients with measures of the Self-forgiveness Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, the Social Desirability Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the Big Five Inventory provided evidence of validity. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.

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Korean Journal of Health Psychology