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ISSN : 2466-0787
The number of people experiencing depressive symptoms is increasing, and the cost-and access-related problems that arise require effective treatment methods that benefit many people through low-cost interventions. Among the interventions that contributed to a reduction of depressive symptoms, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and mindfulness-based psychotherapy, two of the methods of the third wave behavioral therapy methods, are useful evidence-based methods that can be implemented and utilized as mobile applications. Therefore, in this study, among the mobile app-based treatments for depressive symptoms, and the data to which ACT and mindfulness-based psychotherapy were applied, the literature that met our criteria was selected. The degree of bias was found to be low after evaluating the quality of the literature. Our meta-analysis showed that mobile apps based on ACT and mindfulness-based psychotherapy showed a small effect size for depression and was statistically significant. However, there was no significant effect on mindfulness. Because the tools used in the literature were heterogeneous, a quantitative analysis of acceptance was not conducted. In addition, the moderating effect analysis, suggested that the mobile apps to which the ACT intervention was applied were more effective in reducing depressive symptoms than mindfulness-based interventions. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
This study examined the mediating effect of maladaptive self-focused attention on the effect of perfectionistic self-presentation on interpersonal problems. For this purpose, data from 387 college students were collected and analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Mplus 7.0. The main results of this study are as follows. First, perfectionistic self-presentation was positively correlated with maladaptive self-focused attention and interpersonal problems. Second, the sub-factors of perfectionistic self-presentation had different influences on interpersonal problems. Third, maladaptive self-focus had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentation(e.g., perfectionistic self-promotion, non-display of imperfections) and interpersonal problems. The results of this study suggest that the patterns of interpersonal problems experienced vary depending on the sub-factors of perfectionistic self-presentation and that maladaptive self-focus plays a role in activating behavior to avoid rejection or criticism of one’s own identity.
Purpose: This study aimed to explore and illustrate the relationship between employment status, self-efficacy, and disability acceptance in community-dwelling adults with mental illnesses aged 20-67 years. Method: The fourth dataset of the second wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) was analyzed using Hayes (2022) SPSS PROCESS Macro (model 4). Results: Self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between employment status and disability acceptance, whereas the direct effect of employment status on disability acceptance was not significant. Conclusion: The employment status of adults with mental illnesses is positively associated with self-efficacy and predictive of disability acceptance. This study suggests the need for governments to establish social resources to support vocational recovery, emphasizing the strengthening of self-efficacy.
This study compared the differences in distractibility between individuals with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) and those with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in terms of internal and external distraction. Using the Barkley Adult Rating Scale–IV, we divided the participants into four groups: (1) SCT group (n = 22), (2) ADHD group (n = 21), (3) SCT+ADHD group (n = 25) and (4) Control group (n = 23). Participants then performed thought probe and Go/No-Go task under different sound conditions. In the thought probe task, the rate of response to mind-wandering (internal distraction) and external distraction was measured according to the sound conditions. In the Go/No-Go task, reaction omission, reaction rate, and accuracy were measured and compared between groups. In the thought probe task, the SCT group (SCT, SCT+ADHD) showed a higher response rate to mind-wandering in the silent condition than the ADHD and control groups, and the ADHD group (ADHD, SCT+ADHD) showed a higher response rate to external distraction in the noisy condition than the other groups. In the Go/No-Go task, the SCT group made more omissions in the Go condition than the control group. The ADHD group, responded faster in the Go condition and showed less accuracy in the No-Go condition than did the SCT and control groups. This study confirms that individuals with SCT and ADHD may experience other types of distraction in the process of thinking and perception, and also suggests that SCT is a symptom of attention deficit based on internal distraction distinguished from ADHD.
This present study aimed to examine the mediation effect of entrapment and moderated mediation effect of lesbian, gay, and bisexual(LGB) positive identity in the influence of minority stress on suicide ideation. By online survey, perceived social stigma, internalized Homophobia, anti-gay violence experience, outness, entrapment, depression, suicide ideation and LGB positive identity were measured. The results were as follows: First, entrapment meditated on the relationship between minority stress and suicidal ideation. Second, In a model in which minority stress predicted suicidal ideation through entrapment, social justice showed moderating effect. Based on these results, this study’s clinical implications and the suggestions for further research were discussed.
This study aimed to determine whether exposure to positive episodic simulation would be effective in changing affect, regret, and future predictions of college students with a tendency of depression. The participants were selected according to the points they received on the Korean Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), 16 points or above to below 25 points, and were randomly assigned to either the positive episodic simulation training group (PEST, n = 18) or the neutral visualization control group (NC, n = 14). Each group conducted a total of three sessions, and before and after each session, they responded to a questionnaire regarding their present emotional state, past regret, and future prediction. The PEST group simulated ‘what will happen to me in the future’ in relation to the positive words presented on the screen, and the NC group was instructed to recall only the image, excluding elements for emotion and future prediction. The results of the study are summarized as follows: First, the PEST group showed decreased levels of depression and less negative affect compared to the NC group, and this effect was maintained for one week. Second, the PEST group showed that the episodic future thinking training had an effect on the importance and vividness of the future occurrence of positive events, and this effect was maintained even one week after the training ended. Finally, in the case of past regret, there was no significant difference in regret between groups immediately after the sessions. However, after one week follow up, the training effect was shown in a later assessment. The findings suggest that the practice of positive episodic simulation is effective in predicting the future and assessing the level of depression and negative affect in those with depression tendency.
The study aimed to verify the moderated mediating effect of relationship authenticity and mindfulness on the influence of covert narcissism on depression. Data collected from 413 people measuring covert narcissism, relationship authenticity, mindfulness, and depression were used to investigate the relationships among these major factors. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, covert narcissism showed significantly positive correlations with depression, and negative correlations with relationship authenticity and mindfulness. Second, relationship authenticity had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between covert narcissism and depression. Third, mindfulness had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between relationship authenticity and depression. Fourth, mindfulness significantly controlled the mediating effect of relationship authenticity between covert narcissism and depression. Results showed that the mediating effect of relationship authenticity changed systematically depending on the level of mindfulness in the relationship between covert narcissism and depression. Finally, we discuss the significance and limitations of this study and provide recommendations for follow-up research.
This study aimed to review the validity, usefulness and appropriateness of a Korean translation of the extended Posttraumatic Growth Scale (PTGI-X). The translation process was challenging due to the inclusion of additional items related to spiritual-existential factors. To ensure accuracy, psychology researchers, existential therapists from the United States, and professors of Korean literature and English education were consulted during the translation process. A questionnaire consisting of measurements was administered to participants with significant traumatic experiences. The factor structure of the collected data was evaluated, compared, and analyzed with the structure of the original scale. As a result, the 18-item, 3-factor structure demonstrated the superior fit, good convergence, and discriminant validity. Despite the positive results, there were still reservations regarding the practical utility of the revised scale. The findings of this study are discussed in light of their implications and the potential value of spiritual-existential factors.
This study aimed to identify distinct latent profiles based on posttraumatic stress symptoms(PTSS) and mental well-being among residents who experienced an earthquake in Pohang, South Korea in 2017, and to determine the predictors of profile membership. Additionally, we examined the differences among the latent profiles in terms of depressive symptoms and daily functional impairment. A total of 242 residents who had experienced the Pohang earthquake completed questionnaires assessing PTSS, mental well-being, psychological inflexibility, posttraumatic negative beliefs, depressive symptoms, daily functional impairment, and demographic variables(gender, age, educational level, and family income). A three-step latent profile analysis was utilized. Three profiles were identified: a ‘moderately mentally healthy group’, ‘partial PTSD with languishing group’, and ‘full PTSD with languishing group’. Gender and age partially contributed to profiles classification, and psychological inflexibility and posttraumatic negative beliefs predicted all profile memberships. Furthermore, both depressive symptoms and daily functional impairment were significantly different among the three groups. The results of this study provide empirical evidence to help identify high-risk groups among those who have experienced an earthquake, and establish tailored treatment interventions and strategies for each latent profile.
This study investigated whether evaluative concerns perfectionism and experiential avoidance would mediate the relationship between childhood․Adolescence traumatic experiences in social situation and social anxiety among college students. Participants were 279 college students. Study showed that evaluative concerns perfectionism and experiential avoidance sequentially mediate the relationship between childhood․Adolescence traumatic experiences in social situation and social anxiety. In other words, among people who experienced trauma in childhood․Adolescence on social situations, evaluative concerns perfectionism develops to avoid or escape from further trauma. This leads individuals to use experiential avoidance, an emotional coping strategy for social situations where they will be evaluated, which can eventually increase social anxiety.
